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"There is an ecstasy that marks the summit of life, and beyond which life cannot rise. Son of the Wolf gained a wide audience as his other Alaska stories, THE CALL OF THE WILD (1903), in which a giant pet dog Buck finds his survival instincts in Yukon, WHITE FANG (1906), and BURNING DAYLIGHT (1910). By 1904 Jack London was the author of 10 books. London's first novel, THE SON OF THE WOLF, appeared in 1900. He did not give up even during his travels and drinking periods. London had early built his system of producing a daily quota of thousand words. He started to produce steadily novels, nonfiction, and short stories, becoming in his lifetime one of the most popular authors.
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In 1901 London ran unsuccessfully on the Socialist party ticket for mayor of Oakland. Charmian became the model of London's women characters, such as Paula in THE LITTLE LADY OF THE BIG HOUSE (1916). The marriage lasted until London's death. Three years later he left her and their two daughters, eventually to marry Charmian Kittredge, an editor and outdoorswoman. In 1900 he married Elisabeth (Bess) Maddern their home became a battle field between Bess and London's mother Flora. His early stories appeared in the Overland Monthly and Atlantic Monthly.
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In the spring he returned to San Francisco his notebook full of plans for stories.įor the remainder of 1898 London again tried to earn his living by writing. London spent the winter near Dawson City, suffering from scurvy. Her culture was a surface smear, her deepest depth a singing shallow." London left the school before the year was over and went to seek a fortune in the Klondike gold rush of 1897. Later London wrote to Anna Strunsky, the second love in his life: "Her virtues led her nowhere. His first great love was Mabel Applegate, a middle-class girl, who became the model for Ryth Morse in MARTIN EDED (1909).
During this period he had already started to write. Without having much formal education, London spent much time in public libraries reading fiction, philosophy, poetry, political science, and at the age of 19 gained admittance to the University of California in Berkeley. THE ROAD (1907), a collection of short stories, inspired later writers like John Steinbeck and Jack Kerouac. These years made him determined to raise himself out of poverty but they also gave later material for such works as THE SEA-WOLF (1904), which was partly based on his horrific experiences as a sailor in the Pacific Ocean. In 1894 he was arrested in Niagara Falls and jailed for vagrancy. At the age of ten he became an avid reader, and borrowed books from the Oakland Public Library, where Ina Coolbirth recommended him the works of Flaubert, Tolstoy and other major novelist.Īfter leaving school at the age of 14, London worked as a seaman, rode in freight trains as a hobo and adopted socialistic views as a member of the protest armies of the unemployed. London's stepfather John London, whose surname he took, was a failed storekeeper. He was deserted by his father, "Professor" William Henry Chaney, an itinerant astrologer, and raised in Oakland by his mother Flora Wellman, a music teacher and spiritualist. Jack London (1876-1916) was born in San Francisco.